前面的章节中我们已经学会了 ionic 框架如何导入到项目中。
接下来我们将为大家介绍如何创建一个 ionic APP 应用。
ionic 创建 APP 使用 HTML、CSS 和 Javascript 来构建,所以我们可以创建一个 www 目录,并在目录下创建 index.html 文件,代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html> |
<html> |
<head> |
<meta charset="utf-8"> |
<title>Todo</title> |
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no, width=device-width"> |
<link href="lib/ionic/css/ionic.css" rel="stylesheet"> |
<script src="lib/ionic/js/ionic.bundle.js"></script> |
<!-- 在使用 Cordova/PhoneGap 创建的 APP 中包含的文件,由 Cordova/PhoneGap 提供,(开发过程中显示 404) --> |
<script src="cordova.js"></script> |
</head> |
<body> |
</body> |
</html> |
以上代码中,我们引入了 Ionic CSS 文件、 Ionic JS 文件及 Ionic AngularJS 扩展ionic.bundle.js(ionic.bundle.js)。
ionic.bundle.js 文件已经包含了 Ionic核心JS、AngularJS、Ionic的AngularJS扩展,如果你需要引入其他 Angular 模块,可以从 lib/js/angular 目录中调用。
cordova.js 是在使用 Cordova/PhoneGap 创建应用时生成的,不需要手动引入,你可以在 Cordova/PhoneGap 项目中找到该文件,所以在开发过程中显示 404 是正常的。
接下来我们来实现一个包含标题、侧边栏、列表等的应用,设计图如下:
侧边栏创建使用 ion-side-menus 控制器。
编辑我们先前创建的 index.html 文件,修改 <body> 内的内容,如下所示:
<body> |
<ion-side-menus> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-side-menu side="left"> |
</ion-side-menu> |
</ion-side-menus> |
</body> |
控制器解析:
ion-side-menus:
是一个带有边栏菜单的容器,可以通过点击按钮或者滑动屏幕来展开菜单。
ion-side-menu-content
:展示主要内容的容器,可以通过滑动屏幕来展开menu。
ion-side-menu
:存放侧边栏的容器。
接下来我们创建一个新的 AngularJS 模块,并初始化,代码位于 www/js/app.js 中:
angular.module('todo', ['ionic']) |
<body ng-app="todo"> |
<script src="js/app.js"></script> |
<body ng-app="todo"> |
<ion-side-menus> |
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Todo</h1> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<!-- 左侧菜单 --> |
<ion-side-menu side="left"> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Projects</h1> |
</ion-header-bar> |
</ion-side-menu> |
</ion-side-menus> |
</body> |
首先创建一个控制器 TodoCtrl
:
<body ng-app="todo" ng-controller="TodoCtrl"> |
angular.module('todo', ['ionic']) |
.controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope) { |
$scope.tasks = [ |
{ title: '芝麻教程' }, |
{ title: 'www.web3.xin' }, |
{ title: '芝麻教程' }, |
{ title: 'www.web3.xin' } |
]; |
}); |
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Todo</h1> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content> |
<!-- 列表 --> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks"> |
{{task.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<body ng-app="todo" ng-controller="TodoCtrl"> |
<ion-side-menus> |
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Todo</h1> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content> |
<!-- 列表 --> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks"> |
{{task.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<!-- 左侧菜单 --> |
<ion-side-menu side="left"> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Projects</h1> |
</ion-header-bar> |
</ion-side-menu> |
</ion-side-menus> |
<script src="http://www.web3.xin/static/ionic/js/app.js"></script> |
<script src="cordova.js"></script> |
</body> |
修改 index.html 在 </ion-side-menus>
后添加如下代码:
<script id="new-task.html" type="text/ng-template"> |
<div class="modal"> |
<!-- Modal header bar --> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-secondary"> |
<h1 class="title">New Task</h1> |
<button class="button button-clear button-positive" ng-click="closeNewTask()">Cancel</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<!-- Modal content area --> |
<ion-content> |
<form ng-submit="createTask(task)"> |
<div class="list"> |
<label class="item item-input"> |
<input type="text" placeholder="What do you need to do?" ng-model="task.title"> |
</label> |
</div> |
<div class="padding"> |
<button type="submit" class="button button-block button-positive">Create Task</button> |
</div> |
</form> |
</ion-content> |
</div> |
</script> |
以上代码中我们通过 <script id="new-task.html" type="text/ng-template">
定义了新的模板页面。
表单提交时触发 createTask(task) 函数。
ng-model="task.title" 会将表单的输入数据赋值给 task 对象的 title 属性。
修改 <ion-side-menu-content>
内的内容,代码如下:
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Todo</h1> |
<!-- 新增按钮--> |
<button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"> |
<i class="icon ion-compose"></i> |
</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content> |
<!-- 列表 --> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks"> |
{{task.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
angular.module('todo', ['ionic']) |
.controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope, $ionicModal) { |
$scope.tasks = [ |
{ title: '芝麻教程' }, |
{ title: 'www.web3.xin' }, |
{ title: '菜芝麻教程' }, |
{ title: 'www.web3.xin' } |
]; |
// 创建并载入模型 |
$ionicModal.fromTemplateUrl('new-task.html', function(modal) { |
$scope.taskModal = modal; |
}, { |
scope: $scope, |
animation: 'slide-in-up' |
}); |
// 表单提交时调用 |
$scope.createTask = function(task) { |
$scope.tasks.push({ |
title: task.title |
}); |
$scope.taskModal.hide(); |
task.title = ""; |
}; |
// 打开新增的模型 |
$scope.newTask = function() { |
$scope.taskModal.show(); |
}; |
// 关闭新增的模型 |
$scope.closeNewTask = function() { |
$scope.taskModal.hide(); |
}; |
}); |
通过以上步骤我们已经实现了新增功能,现在我们为 app 添加侧边栏功能。
修改<ion-side-menu-content>
内的内容,代码如下:
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<button class="button button-icon" ng-click="toggleProjects()"> |
<i class="icon ion-navicon"></i> |
</button> |
<h1 class="title">{{activeProject.title}}</h1> |
<!-- 新增按钮 --> |
<button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"> |
<i class="icon ion-compose"></i> |
</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content scroll="false"> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="task in activeProject.tasks"> |
{{task.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<!-- 左边栏 --> |
<ion-side-menu side="left"> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Projects</h1> |
<button class="button button-icon ion-plus" ng-click="newProject()"> |
</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content scroll="false"> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="project in projects" ng-click="selectProject(project, $index)" ng-class="{active: activeProject == project}"> |
{{project.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu> |
ion-item> 中的 ng-class 指令设置菜单激活样式。
这里我们创建一个新的js 文件 app2.js(为了不与前面的混淆),代码如下:
angular.module('todo', ['ionic']) |
/** |
* The Projects factory handles saving and loading projects |
* from local storage, and also lets us save and load the |
* last active project index. |
*/ |
.factory('Projects', function() { |
return { |
all: function() { |
var projectString = window.localStorage['projects']; |
if(projectString) { |
return angular.fromJson(projectString); |
} |
return []; |
}, |
save: function(projects) { |
window.localStorage['projects'] = angular.toJson(projects); |
}, |
newProject: function(projectTitle) { |
// Add a new project |
return { |
title: projectTitle, |
tasks: [] |
}; |
}, |
getLastActiveIndex: function() { |
return parseInt(window.localStorage['lastActiveProject']) || 0; |
}, |
setLastActiveIndex: function(index) { |
window.localStorage['lastActiveProject'] = index; |
} |
} |
}) |
.controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope, $timeout, $ionicModal, Projects, $ionicSideMenuDelegate) { |
// A utility function for creating a new project |
// with the given projectTitle |
var createProject = function(projectTitle) { |
var newProject = Projects.newProject(projectTitle); |
$scope.projects.push(newProject); |
Projects.save($scope.projects); |
$scope.selectProject(newProject, $scope.projects.length-1); |
} |
// Load or initialize projects |
$scope.projects = Projects.all(); |
// Grab the last active, or the first project |
$scope.activeProject = $scope.projects[Projects.getLastActiveIndex()]; |
// Called to create a new project |
$scope.newProject = function() { |
var projectTitle = prompt('Project name'); |
if(projectTitle) { |
createProject(projectTitle); |
} |
}; |
// Called to select the given project |
$scope.selectProject = function(project, index) { |
$scope.activeProject = project; |
Projects.setLastActiveIndex(index); |
$ionicSideMenuDelegate.toggleLeft(false); |
}; |
// Create our modal |
$ionicModal.fromTemplateUrl('new-task.html', function(modal) { |
$scope.taskModal = modal; |
}, { |
scope: $scope |
}); |
$scope.createTask = function(task) { |
if(!$scope.activeProject || !task) { |
return; |
} |
$scope.activeProject.tasks.push({ |
title: task.title |
}); |
$scope.taskModal.hide(); |
// Inefficient, but save all the projects |
Projects.save($scope.projects); |
task.title = ""; |
}; |
$scope.newTask = function() { |
$scope.taskModal.show(); |
}; |
$scope.closeNewTask = function() { |
$scope.taskModal.hide(); |
} |
$scope.toggleProjects = function() { |
$ionicSideMenuDelegate.toggleLeft(); |
}; |
// Try to create the first project, make sure to defer |
// this by using $timeout so everything is initialized |
// properly |
$timeout(function() { |
if($scope.projects.length == 0) { |
while(true) { |
var projectTitle = prompt('Your first project title:'); |
if(projectTitle) { |
createProject(projectTitle); |
break; |
} |
} |
} |
}); |
}); |
<ion-side-menus> |
<!-- 中心内容 --> |
<ion-side-menu-content> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<button class="button button-icon" ng-click="toggleProjects()"> |
<i class="icon ion-navicon"></i> |
</button> |
<h1 class="title">{{activeProject.title}}</h1> |
<!-- 新增按钮 --> |
<button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"> |
<i class="icon ion-compose"></i> |
</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content scroll="false"> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="task in activeProject.tasks"> |
{{task.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu-content> |
<!-- 左边栏 --> |
<ion-side-menu side="left"> |
<ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"> |
<h1 class="title">Projects</h1> |
<button class="button button-icon ion-plus" ng-click="newProject()"> |
</button> |
</ion-header-bar> |
<ion-content scroll="false"> |
<ion-list> |
<ion-item ng-repeat="project in projects" ng-click="selectProject(project, $index)" ng-class="{active: activeProject == project}"> |
{{project.title}} |
</ion-item> |
</ion-list> |
</ion-content> |
</ion-side-menu> |
</ion-side-menus> |