我们在创建工程章节中学到的是如何使用 Maven 创建 Java 应用。现在我们将看到如何构建和测试这个应用。
跳转到 C:/MVN 目录下,既你的 java 应用目录下。打开 consumerBanking 文件夹。你将看到 POM.xml 文件中有下面的内容。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.companyname.projectgroup</groupId> <artifactId>project</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
可以看到,Maven 已经添加了 JUnit 作为测试框架。默认 Maven 添加了一个源码文件 App.java 和一个测试文件AppTest.java 到上个章节中我们提到的默认目录结构中。
打开命令控制台,跳转到 C:\MVN\consumerBanking 目录下,并执行以下 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN\consumerBanking>mvn clean packageMaven 将开始构建工程。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building consumerBanking
[INFO] task-segment: [clean, package]
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}]
[INFO] Deleting directory C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target
[INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,
i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\MVN\consumerBanking\src\main\
resources
[INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\classes
[INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,
i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\MVN\consumerBanking\src\test\
resources
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}]
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\test-classes
[INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}]
[INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\
surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.companyname.bank.AppTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.027 sec
Results :
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] [jar:jar {execution: default-jar}]
[INFO] Building jar: C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\
consumerBanking-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 10 16:52:18 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 16M/89M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
你已经构建了你的工程并创建了最终的 jar 文件,下面是要学习的关键概念:
现在打开命令控制台,跳转到 C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\classes 目录,并执行下面的 java 命令。
C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\classes>java com.companyname.bank.App
你可以看到结果:
Hello World!
我们看看如何添加其他的 Java 文件到工程中。打开 C:\MVN\consumerBanking\src\main\java\com\companyname\bank 文件夹,在其中创建 Util 类 Util.java。
package com.companyname.bank; public class Util { public static void printMessage(String message){ System.out.println(message); } }更新 App 类来使用 Util 类。
package com.companyname.bank; /** * Hello world! * */ public class App { public static void main( String[] args ) { Util.printMessage("Hello World!"); } }现在打开命令控制台,跳转到 C:\MVN\consumerBanking 目录下,并执行下面的 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN\consumerBanking>mvn clean compile
在 Maven 构建成功之后,跳转到 C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\classes 目录下,并执行下面的 java 命令。
C:\MVN\consumerBanking\target\classes>java -cp com.companyname.bank.App
你可以看到结果:
Hello World!