让我们直接开始。
| import org.specs._ |
| object ArithmeticSpec extends Specification { |
| "Arithmetic" should { |
| "add two numbers" in { |
| 1 + 1 mustEqual 2 |
| } |
| "add three numbers" in { |
| 1 + 1 + 1 mustEqual 3 |
| } |
| } |
| } |
Arithmetic（算术） 是一个 规范约束下的系统
add（加） 是一个上下文。
add two numbers（两个数相加），和 add three numbers（三个数字相加） 是例子。
mustEqual 表示 预期
1 mustEqual 1 是编写实际测试前使用的一种常见的预期占位符。所有的测试用例都应该至少有一个预期。
注意到两个测试都是怎样将 add 加在其名称中的吗？我们可以通过嵌套预期摆脱这种重复。
| import org.specs._ |
| object ArithmeticSpec extends Specification { |
| "Arithmetic" should { |
| "add" in { |
| "two numbers" in { |
| 1 + 1 mustEqual 2 |
| } |
| "three numbers" in { |
| 1 + 1 + 1 mustEqual 3 |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| object ExecSpec extends Specification { |
| "Mutations are isolated" should { |
| var x = 0 |
| "x equals 1 if we set it." in { |
| x = 1 |
| x mustEqual 1 |
| } |
| "x is the default value if we don't change it" in { |
| x mustEqual 0 |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| "my system" should { |
| doBefore { resetTheSystem() /** user-defined reset function */ } |
| "mess up the system" in {...} |
| "and again" in {...} |
| doAfter { cleanThingsUp() } |
| } |
doBefore/doAfter 只能运行在叶子用例上。
doFirst/doLast 用来做一次性的设置。（需要例子，我不使用这个）
| "Foo" should { |
| doFirst { openTheCurtains() } |
| "test stateless methods" in {...} |
| "test other stateless methods" in {...} |
| doLast { closeTheCurtains() } |
| } |
你有数据，并且想要确保它是正确的。让我们看看最常用的匹配器是如何帮助你的。
我们已经看到几个 mustEqual 的例子了。
1 mustEqual 1 "a" mustEqual "a"
引用相等，值相等。
| val numbers = List(1, 2, 3) |
| numbers must contain(1) |
| numbers must not contain(4) |
| numbers must containAll(List(1, 2, 3)) |
| numbers must containInOrder(List(1, 2, 3)) |
| List(1, List(2, 3, List(4)), 5) must haveTheSameElementsAs(List(5, List(List(4), 2, 3), 1)) |
| map must haveKey(k) |
| map must notHaveKey(k) |
| map must haveValue(v) |
| map must notHaveValue(v) |
| a must beGreaterThan(b) |
| a must beGreaterThanOrEqualTo(b) |
| a must beLessThan(b) |
| a must beLessThanOrEqualTo(b) |
| a must beCloseTo(b, delta) |
| a must beNone |
| a must beSome[Type] |
| a must beSomething |
| a must beSome(value) |
| a must throwA[WhateverException] |
这是一个针对try\catch块中有异常抛出的用例的简写。
您也可以期望一个特定的消息
| a must throwA(WhateverException("message")) |
| a must throwA(new Exception) like { |
| case Exception(m) => m.startsWith("bad") |
| } |
| import org.specs.matcher.Matcher |
契约是返回一个包含三个值的元组，分别是期望是否为真、为真时的消息和为假时的消息。
Spies（间谍）可以对真正的对象做一些“局部 mocking”：
| // if the list is empty, this will throws an IndexOutOfBoundsException |
| spiedList.get(0) returns "one" |
| > test-only com.twitter.yourservice.UserSpec |
| > ~ test-only com.twitter.yourservice.UserSpec |
