本文教程只适合在 PHP7 的环境，如果你是 PHP5 环境，你可以参阅 PHP MongDB 安装与使用。

PHP7 Mongdb 扩展安装

我们使用 pecl 命令来安装：

$ /usr/local/php7/bin/pecl install mongodb

Build process completed successfully
Installing '/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20151012/mongodb.so'
install ok: channel://pecl.php.net/mongodb-1.1.7
configuration option "php_ini" is not set to php.ini location
You should add "extension=mongodb.so" to php.ini

接下来我们打开 php.ini 文件，添加 extension=mongodb.so 配置。

可以直接执行以下命令来添加。

$ echo "extension=mongodb.so" >> `/usr/local/php7/bin/php --ini | grep "Loaded Configuration" | sed -e "s|.*:\s*||"`

Mongodb 使用

PHP7 连接 MongoDB 语法如下：

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");

插入数据

将 name 为"芝麻教程" 的数据插入到 test 数据库的 web3 集合中。

<?php
$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$document = ['_id' => new MongoDB\BSON\ObjectID, 'name' => '芝麻教程'];

$_id= $bulk->insert($document);

var_dump($_id);

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");  
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);
$result = $manager->executeBulkWrite('test.web3', $bulk, $writeConcern);
?>

读取数据

这里我们将三个网址数据插入到 test 数据库的 sites 集合，并读取迭代出来：

<?php
$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");  

// 插入数据
$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->insert(['x' => 1, 'name'=>'芝麻教程', 'url' => 'http://www.web3.xin']);
$bulk->insert(['x' => 2, 'name'=>'Google', 'url' => 'http://www.google.com']);
$bulk->insert(['x' => 3, 'name'=>'taobao', 'url' => 'http://www.taobao.com']);
$manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk);

$filter = ['x' => ['$gt' => 1]];
$options = [
    'projection' => ['_id' => 0],
    'sort' => ['x' => -1],
];

// 查询数据
$query = new MongoDB\Driver\Query($filter, $options);
$cursor = $manager->executeQuery('test.sites', $query);

foreach ($cursor as $document) {
    print_r($document);
}
?>

stdClass Object
(
    [x] => 3
    [name] => taobao
    [url] => http://www.taobao.com
)
stdClass Object
(
    [x] => 2
    [name] => Google
    [url] => http://www.google.com
)

更新数据

接下来我们将更新 test 数据库 sites 集合中 x 为 2 的数据：

<?php
$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->update(
    ['x' => 2],
    ['$set' => ['name' => '芝麻工具', 'url' => 'tool.web3.xin']],
    ['multi' => false, 'upsert' => false]
);

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");  
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);
$result = $manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk, $writeConcern);
?>

删除数据

以下实例删除了 x 为 1 和 x 为 2的数据，注意 limit 参数的区别：

<?php
$bulk = new MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
$bulk->delete(['x' => 1], ['limit' => 1]);   // limit 为 1 时，删除第一条匹配数据
$bulk->delete(['x' => 2], ['limit' => 0]);   // limit 为 0 时，删除所有匹配数据

$manager = new MongoDB\Driver\Manager("mongodb://localhost:27017");  
$writeConcern = new MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern(MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 1000);
$result = $manager->executeBulkWrite('test.sites', $bulk, $writeConcern);
?>