| SQL 语句 | 语法 |
|---|---|
| AND / OR |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND|OR condition |
| ALTER TABLE |
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype or
ALTER TABLE table_name |
| AS (alias) |
SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name or
SELECT column_name |
| BETWEEN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
| CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name |
| CREATE TABLE |
CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, column_name2 data_type, ... ) |
| CREATE INDEX |
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name) or
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name |
| CREATE VIEW |
CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition |
| DELETE |
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE some_column=some_value or
DELETE FROM table_name
DELETE * FROM table_name |
| DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name |
| DROP INDEX |
DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL
Server) DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access) DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle) ALTER TABLE table_name DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) |
| DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name |
| GROUP BY |
SELECT column_name,
aggregate_function(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name |
| HAVING |
SELECT column_name,
aggregate_function(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value |
| IN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..) |
| INSERT INTO |
INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) or
INSERT INTO table_name |
| INNER JOIN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 INNER JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| LEFT JOIN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| RIGHT JOIN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| FULL JOIN |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
| LIKE |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern |
| ORDER BY |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] |
| SELECT |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name |
| SELECT * |
SELECT * FROM table_name |
| SELECT DISTINCT |
SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s) FROM table_name |
| SELECT INTO |
SELECT * INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase] FROM old_table_name or
SELECT column_name(s) |
| SELECT TOP |
SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s) FROM table_name |
| TRUNCATE TABLE | TRUNCATE TABLE table_name |
| UNION |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
| UNION ALL |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
| UPDATE |
UPDATE table_name SET column1=value, column2=value,... WHERE some_column=some_value |
| WHERE |
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value |
